Article 46 falls under the Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSP), specifically within Part IV of the Constitution.
This Article mandates the State to promote with special care the educational and economic interests of the weaker sections of the people, and in particular, of the Scheduled Castes (SC) and Scheduled Tribes (ST).
The State shall protect them from social injustice and all forms of exploitation.
DPSPs are non-justiciable, meaning they cannot be enforced by any court, but they are fundamental in the governance of the country and it shall be the duty of the State to apply these principles in making laws.
Article 46 emphasizes affirmative action and social justice, aiming to uplift marginalized communities and reduce socio-economic disparities.
It is a cornerstone for policies related to reservation, scholarships, and other welfare schemes targeted at SCs and STs.