Practice Questions

• De jure refers to something that exists according to law, regardless of whether it is actually practiced.

• An impasse is a situation in which no progress is possible, usually due to disagreement or opposing positions

• An impasse is a situation in which no progress is possible, usually due to disagreement or opposing positions.

• Pari passu is a Latin expression meaning at equal pace, commonly used in legal and financial contexts to indicate equality in treatment or ranking.

• Carte blanche literally means “blank paper” and is used to denote full or complete authority to act as one wishes

• Primum non nocere means “first, do no harm” and is a foundational principle of medical ethics, guiding healthcare professionals to avoid causing harm to patients

• Suo motu is a Latin phrase meaning “on its own motion”, indicating that a court initiates proceedings without a formal request from any party.

Following a recommendation from a committee

• Ersatz refers to a substitute or imitation, often implying that it is inferior to the original

• A note verbale is a formal written diplomatic communication sent by one government to another, usually in the third person and unsigned.

A formal written apology between individuals

A diplomatic communication exchanged between governments

• Locus classicus is a Latin term meaning a classic or authoritative example, often cited as the best or most representative illustration of a concept.

• Legal term
• Right to appear in court
• Latin origin

• Latin abbreviation
• Used for clarification
• Explains previous term

• Latin term
• Initial impression
• Used in law

• French phrase
• Direct interaction
• Physical or figurative

• French origin
• Social mistake
• Causes embarrassment

• French phrase
• Indicates journey
• Used in travel

• French origin
• Collective action
• Large numbers

• French origin
• Common in psychology
• Mutual understanding

• Latin phrase
• Used in comparisons
• Allows minor modifications

• Italian/Spanish origin
• Indicates top position
• Used informally

• Latin phrase
• Often used socially/politically
• Refers to lifestyle

• Used with dates
• Indicates approximation
• Latin word

• French origin
• Related to food
• Example: Indian cuisine

The origin or history of a particular dish

• French word
• Sells trendy items
• Usually small and stylish

• Musical term
• Indicates correct rhythm
• Italian origin

• French origin
• Romantic meaning
• Used in literature

• Common in legal usage
• Means genuine or sincere
• Opposite of fraudulent

• French phrase
• Used in journalism
• Means up to date

• Refers to one’s old institution
• Shows emotional attachment
• Latin phrase

• No change in wording
• Literal reproduction
• Common in exams

• Indicates the very beginning
• Latin expression
• Common in legal usage

• Means spontaneous speech
• No rehearsal involved
• Used in performances

<h3 style="color: rgb(255,255,255);">Understanding 'Vis-à-vis'</h3><ul style="color: rgb(255,255,255);"><li>The phrase 'vis-à-vis' is a French loanword commonly used in English.</li><li>Its primary meaning is 'in relation to' or 'compared with'.</li><li>It can also mean 'face to face with', referring to a direct encounter or confrontation.</li><li>Another interpretation is 'opposite to' or 'in contrast with'.</li><li>In a conversational context, it can sometimes introduce a topic that is relevant to or in response to a previously mentioned subject.</li></ul><h4 style="color: rgb(255,255,255);">Origin and Usage</h4><ul style="color: rgb(255,255,255);"><li>The term literally translates from French as 'face to face'. 'Vis' is an old French word for 'face'.</li><li>It is often used as a preposition (e.g., 'What is our policy vis-à-vis the new regulations?') or sometimes as an adverb (e.g., 'They discussed the issue vis-à-vis').</li><li>For competitive exams, understanding its various nuances, especially 'in relation to' or 'compared with', is crucial.</li></ul><h4 style="color: rgb(255,255,255);">Related Concepts for Competitive Exams</h4><ul style="color: rgb(255,255,255);"><li>Familiarity with common foreign phrases and their meanings is a frequent component of English sections in competitive exams.</li><li>Other similar phrases to know include:<ul style="color: rgb(255,255,255);"><li>De facto: In fact, or in effect, whether by right or not.</li><li>De jure: By right, according to law.</li><li>Ad hoc: Formed or arranged for a particular purpose only.</li><li>Per se: By or in itself; intrinsically.</li><li>Status quo: The existing state of affairs, especially regarding social or political issues.</li><li>Quid pro quo: A favor or advantage granted or expected in return for something.</li></ul></li><li>These phrases often appear in 'One Word Substitutes', 'Fill in the Blanks', or 'Sentence Improvement' sections of exams.</li></ul>

NB stands for Nota Bene. (It is a Latin phrase meaning "Note well/ mark well" and is used to draw attention to something important or noteworthy. / പ്രത്യേകം ശ്രദ്ധിക്കുക)

P.M. stands for Post Meridiem. (It is a Latin phrase meaning "After Noon" and is used to indicate the time from noon until just before midnight. / ഉച്ച മുതൽ അർദ്ധരാത്രി വരെ സമയം)
e.g. The Prime Minister's speech will be broadcast at 8:05 p.m. on all stations. / പ്രധാനമന്ത്രിയുടെ പ്രസംഗം രാത്രി 8.05ന് സംപ്രേക്ഷണം ചെയ്യും.

A.M. stands for Ante Meridiem. (It is a Latin phrase meaning "Before Noon" and is used to indicate the time from midnight until just before noon. / അർദ്ധരാത്രി മുതൽ ഉച്ചയ്ക്ക് തൊട്ടുമുമ്പ് വരെയുള്ള സമയം സൂചിപ്പിക്കാൻ ഇത് ഉപയോഗിക്കുന്നു.)
E.g. The meeting will be held from 8 to 11:45 a.m. / രാവിലെ 8 മുതൽ 11.45 വരെയാണ് യോഗം.

BC stands for Before Christ. It is used to denote years that occurred before the birth of Jesus Christ in the Gregorian calendar (ഇത് ഗ്രിഗോറിയൻ കലണ്ടറിൽ യേശുക്രിസ്തുവിൻ്റെ ജനനത്തിന് മുമ്പുള്ള വർഷങ്ങളെ സൂചിപ്പിക്കാൻ ഉപയോഗിക്കുന്നു).

Latin word, in the year of the lord (ക്രിസ്തുവർഷത്തിൽ). ഗ്രിഗോറിയൻ കലണ്ടറിലെ വർഷങ്ങളെ സൂചിപ്പിക്കാൻ ഇത് ഉപയോഗിക്കുന്നു, especially regarding historical events.

RIP - Requiescat in pace - Latin word 
It is a phrase used to express condolences and wishes for the deceased to rest peacefully (അനുശോചനം പ്രകടിപ്പിക്കാൻ ഉപയോഗിക്കുന്ന).

ഇഷ്ടമുള്ളതുപോലെ പ്രവർത്തിക്കാനുള്ള പൂർണ്ണ സ്വാതന്ത്ര്യം.
e.g. Whatever action you may wish to take you have carte blanche to do so. 
(നിങ്ങൾ എന്ത് നടപടി സ്വീകരിക്കാൻ ആഗ്രഹിക്കുന്നുവോ, അതിനുള്ള പൂർണ്ണ സ്വാതന്ത്ര്യം നിങ്ങൾക്കുണ്ട്).

the complete freedom to act as one thinks best

<ul style="color: rgb(255,255,255);">
<li>Ex gratia - ഔദാര്യമായി നല്‍കിയത് </li>
<li>payment made out of generosity- ഔദാര്യമായി നല്‍കിയ പണം</li>
<li>extremely grateful - അങ്ങേയറ്റം നന്ദിയുള്ള</li>
<li id="tw-target-text" class="tw-data-text tw-text-large tw-ta" dir="ltr" data-placeholder="Translation" data-ved="2ahUKEwja5beb8Y2CAxXhSGwGHcJnDxQQ3ewLegQIBhAQ">not grateful - നന്ദിയില്ലാത്ത&nbsp;</li>
<li>get something in return -&nbsp;പകരം എന്തെങ്കിലും നേടുക </li>
</ul>
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Chic - സ്റ്റൈല്‍, elegant

• De Jure - According to Law

• Sine die - Without any definite date

• Bon voyage - Have a pleasant journey 

• Mala fide - Carried out in bad faith

Prima facie = ആദ്യനോട്ടത്തില്‍

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