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The protocol amended in 1990 to protect the Ozone layer by completely phasing out CFC is :

AKyoto Protocol

BCartagena Protocol

CStockholm Convention

DMontreal Protocol

Answer:

D. Montreal Protocol

Read Explanation:

  • The original Montreal Protocol, signed in 1987, was the first step in international efforts to protect stratospheric ozone.
  • The London Amendment (1990) changed the ozone-depleting substances emission schedule by requiring the complete phaseout of CFCs, halons, and carbon tetrachloride by 2000 in developed countries, and by 2010 in developing countries.
  • Methyl chloroform was also added to the list of controlled ozone-depleting substances, with phaseout in developed countries targeted in 2005, and in 2015 for developing countries.

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  1. Mock drills are regularly conducted only after a disaster has occurred to assess the effectiveness of response mechanisms.
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  3. The formation of dedicated Disaster Management Committees and Teams is essential for coordinated planning and action at the local level.
  4. Creating Hazard, Vulnerability, Risk, and Capacity Analysis (HVRCA) involves a detailed study to understand the complete disaster landscape of the community.
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