Question

The red colour of tomatoes is due to the presence of:

• A. limonene
• B. lycopene
• C. beta carotene
• D. alizarin

Answer 1

Answer:

B. lycopene

Lycopene: The Pigment Behind Tomato Redness

What is Lycopene?

• Lycopene is a bright red carotenoid pigment.

• It is naturally occurring and found in fruits and vegetables such as tomatoes, watermelons, pink grapefruits, and papayas.

• It is responsible for the characteristic red color of these foods.

Chemical and Biological Significance

• Lycopene is a powerful antioxidant.

• Antioxidants help protect the body's cells from damage caused by free radicals.

• Free radicals are unstable molecules that can contribute to aging and various diseases.

Lycopene and Health

• Tomato Ripening: As tomatoes ripen, the chlorophyll (which makes them green) breaks down, and lycopene synthesis increases, leading to the mature red color.

• Absorption: Lycopene is fat-soluble, meaning it is better absorbed by the body when consumed with fats or oils. Cooking tomatoes, especially with a little oil, can increase lycopene bioavailability.

• Health Benefits: Research suggests potential benefits associated with lycopene consumption, including protection against certain types of cancer (like prostate cancer) and heart disease, primarily due to its antioxidant properties.