Learn 80 questions from SSC GD 2025 Shift 1

SSC GD 2025 Shift 1 Questions

• Chemical equations represent chemical reactions. They show the reactants (starting materials) and products (substances formed).

• A balanced chemical equation adheres to the Law of Conservation of Mass, which states that mass can neither be created nor destroyed in a chemical reaction. This means the number of atoms of each element must be the same on both the reactant and product sides of the equation.

Article 40 of the Constitution of India, under the Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSP), specifically addresses the organisation of village panchayats.

• The oceanic crust is predominantly composed of basalt, a dark-colored, fine-grained extrusive igneous rock.

• While basalt is the primary component, other mafic rocks like gabbro (its intrusive equivalent) are also found.

• The oceanic crust is generally thinner but denser than the continental crust.

• Tamil Nadu secured the men's title at the 71st Senior National Basketball Championship 2022.

• They achieved this victory by defeating Punjab in the final match.

• The Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas is responsible for introducing the Oilfields (Regulation and Development) Amendment Bill, 2024, in the Parliament of India.

• This ministry oversees the exploration, production, and regulation of oil and natural gas resources in the country.

• The First Five-Year Plan of India, launched in 1951, primarily focused on agriculture and rural development.

• This emphasis was due to the prevailing food shortages and the need for self-sufficiency in food grain production following the partition of India.

• The Painted Grey Ware (PGW) culture is a significant archaeological hallmark of the early Iron Age in northern India.

Census of India, conducted every ten years, provides critical demographic information about the country. The 2011 census was the 15th census of India and the 7th after independence.

Exponential growth, also known as geometric growth, describes a pattern where a population increases at a rate proportional to its current size.

• The Halda Festival is primarily celebrated in the state of Himachal Pradesh, India.

• It is a significant festival observed by the tribal communities residing in the Lahaul and Spiti district of Himachal Pradesh.

Collocation: A collocation is a pair or group of words that are habitually juxtaposed (used together) to sound natural to native speakers.

Context: The sentence starts with "I was running late," which implies that the person has very little time.

Why 'A' is correct: In English, the most natural way to describe a very fast wash when you are in a hurry is a "quick shower."

Why other options are incorrect: * B) luxurious: Implies high quality and comfort, which usually takes more time.

C) relaxed: Implies being calm and unhurried, which contradicts "running late."

D) long: Directly contradicts the fact that the speaker was "running late."

To find the correct antonym (opposite), we must first understand the meaning of the given word:

Given Word: Frugal

Meaning: Sparing or economical with regard to money or food; avoiding waste; thrifty.

Context: A frugal person spends money very carefully and only on necessities.

Antonym: Prodigal

Meaning: Spending money or resources freely and recklessly; wastefully extravagant.

Why it's correct: Prodigal is the direct opposite of Frugal. While a frugal person saves, a prodigal person wastes.

The error in this sentence is a Misplaced Adverb. While the word "clearly" is a valid adverb, its placement in this sentence creates an "adverbial usage error" based on the intended meaning.

The Error: Placing "clearly" before the verb "packed" suggests that the manner in which she packed was clear (which doesn't make much sense in this context).

The Intended Meaning: The sentence likely wants to convey that it is obvious that Evelyn packed her suitcase.

The Correction: Adverbs that modify the entire sentence or express the speaker's opinion (Sentence Adverbs) are usually placed at the very beginning of the sentence followed by a comma, or the sentence should use a different adverb like "carefully" to describe the packing.

Corrected version: "Clearly, Evelyn packed her suitcase..." OR "Evelyn packed her suitcase carefully."

Why it's a usage error: In English grammar, the position of an adverb can change the meaning of a sentence. Placing "clearly" right after the subject "Evelyn" is awkward and grammatically weak for this specific context.

The error in the original sentence is a tense inconsistency and a missing verb component (to be).

Tense Consistency: The sentence begins with "The COVID-19 pandemic led..." (Past Tense). Therefore, the second part of the sentence must also be in the past tense to maintain consistency. "Prove" is present tense, while "proved" is the correct past tense form.

Verb Structure: To describe a state or quality, the structure should be "proved to be". The word "be" is necessary before the adjective "resilient."

To find the correct synonym, we look at the meaning of the given word and the options provided:

Given Word: Frivolous

Meaning: Not having any serious purpose or value; carefree and superficial. In a legal or formal context, it refers to something that has no merit.

Synonym: Trivial

Meaning: Of little value or importance; insignificant.

Why it's correct: Both Frivolous and Trivial describe things that are not serious or important. For example, a "frivolous complaint" is a "trivial complaint."

Context: The passage contrasts the "dreary grey days" of winter with the ideal vision of summer. The sentence says, "We spend all year looking forward to (1)_____ weather and long, hot days."

Logical Flow: Since the author is describing the positive aspects of summer that people "look forward to," the blank needs a word that describes pleasant weather.

Why 'C' is correct: "Cool" is often used to describe refreshing or pleasant weather in contrast to the harsh "dreary" winter mentioned in the next sentence. While "hot" is also mentioned, "cool" fits the pattern of desirable summer conditions (like a cool breeze).

Context: The sentence describes the negative aspects of winter: "All of winter, with its dreary grey days and (2) ______ cold..."

Collocation: In English, certain adjectives are habitually paired with "cold" to describe its intensity. "Bitter cold" is a common collocation used to describe extreme, piercing, or unpleasantly severe cold weather.

Why 'A' is correct: "Bitter" perfectly matches the negative tone of "dreary grey days" and effectively describes the harshness of winter that makes people dream of summer.

Context: The author is describing a daydream or a fantasy about summer: "...we dream of those (3)______ days at the beach..."

Tone and Imagery: When people dream of a perfect vacation or summer, they often imagine it lasting forever without any interruptions or limits.

Why 'C' is correct: "Endless" is often used figuratively to describe long, sunny summer days that seem to go on forever. It fits the nostalgic and idealistic tone of "dreaming" about the beach.

Context: The sentence describes a relaxing summer scene: "...laying on the sand and (4)______ in the (5)______ and burning sun."

Collocation: In English, the phrase "soaking in the sun" (or "soaking up the sun") is a very common idiom. it means to sit or lie in the sun and enjoy its warmth.

Grammar: The word needs to end in -ing to match the parallel structure of the previous verb, "laying on the sand."

Why 'C' is correct: "Soaking" fits both the grammatical requirement and the idiomatic usage of enjoying the sunshine.

Context: The sentence describes the dream of a perfect summer day: "...soaking in the (5)______ and burning sun."

Logical Flow: The blank describes the sun. The word "burning" suggests the sun is very strong. To complete this pleasant imagery of a summer beach day, we need an adjective that describes positive sunshine.

Why 'B' is correct: "Bright" fits perfectly to describe intense, sunny weather.

<h3 style="color: rgb(255,255,255);">Khilafat Movement and the Formation of the Khilafat Committee</h3><ul style="color: rgb(255,255,255);"><li>The Khilafat Movement was a pan-Islamist political protest launched by Muslims in British India in 1919.</li><li>The movement aimed to pressure the British government to reform the terms of the Treaty of Sevres (1920) and preserve the Ottoman Caliphate.</li><li>The Khilafat Committee was formed in 1919, primarily by Muslim leaders, to organize and lead the Khilafat Movement.</li><li>A significant aspect of the movement was its convergence with the Non-Cooperation Movement led by Mahatma Gandhi. This alliance aimed to foster Hindu-Muslim unity and present a united front against British rule.</li><li>Key leaders associated with the Khilafat Movement include the Ali brothers (Maulana Muhammad Ali Jauhar and Maulana Shaukat Ali), Maulana Abul Kalam Azad, and Mahatma Gandhi.</li><li>The movement eventually lost momentum after the abolition of the Caliphate by the Turkish leader Mustafa Kemal Atatürk in 1924 and the shifting political landscape in India.</li><li>The Khilafat Committee played a crucial role in mobilizing public opinion and organizing nationwide protests, including boycotts and demonstrations, during its active period.</li><li>The alliance between the Khilafatists and the Congress, though short-lived, was a significant moment in the Indian independence struggle, demonstrating the potential for inter-communal solidarity.</li></ul>

<h3 style="color: rgb(255,255,255);">Jagjit Singh: A Maestro of Ghazal</h3>
Jagjit Singh (1941-2011) was a globally acclaimed Indian singer, songwriter, and composer, most renowned for his profound contributions to the Ghazal genre.

<h4 style="color: rgb(255,255,255);">Key Contributions and Milestones:</h4>
<ul style="color: rgb(255,255,255);">
 <li>Popularizing Ghazals: He is widely credited with bringing Ghazals to the mainstream Indian and international audiences, making it accessible beyond traditional listeners. His music blended classical Indian music with contemporary elements.</li>
 <li>Debut and Early Career: He released his first album 'The Unforgettable' in 1976, which became a massive success and established him as a leading artist.</li>
 <li>Vast Discography: Singh released over 60 albums in various genres including Ghazals, Hindi film music, pop, and devotional songs. Some of his iconic Ghazal albums include 'Arth', 'Saath Saath', 'Mirza Ghalib' (TV series soundtrack), and 'Hope'.</li>
 <li>Playback Singing: He also lent his voice to numerous Bollywood films, composing and singing songs that often became chartbusters. Notable film soundtracks include 'Prem Geet', 'Arth', and 'Saath Saath'.</li>
 <li>Awards and Recognition: Jagjit Singh received numerous accolades throughout his career, including the Padma Bhushan (2003) and the Padma Shri (1999), two of India's highest civilian honors. He was also honored with the Sahitya Akademi Award for his contribution to Urdu literature through his Ghazals.</li>
 <li>Legacy: His unique voice, soulful renditions, and ability to connect with listeners on an emotional level have cemented his status as one of the greatest artists in Indian music history. He is often referred to as the 'King of Ghazals'.</li>
</ul>

<h4 style="color: rgb(255,255,255);">Understanding Ghazal:</h4>
<ul style="color: rgb(255,255,255);">
 <li>Origin: Ghazal is an ancient form of Urdu and Persian poetry, originating in Arabia.</li>
 <li>Structure: It typically consists of rhyming couplets (sher) that are thematically linked.</li>
 <li>Themes: Ghazals often explore themes of love (both divine and earthly), longing, separation, and mysticism.</li>
 <li>Musical Adaptation: The musical rendition of Ghazals involves intricate melodic structures and vocal expressions, which Jagjit Singh mastered.</li>
</ul>

<h3 style="color: rgb(255,255,255);">India's Performance at the 2023 Para Asian Games</h3>
<ul style="color: rgb(255,255,255);">
 <li>India secured the 5th position in the medal tally at the 2023 Asian Para Games held in Hangzhou, China.</li>
 <li>This marked a significant achievement for India, as they recorded their best-ever performance in the history of the Para Asian Games.</li>
 <li>India's contingent won a total of 111 medals. This included 29 gold medals, 31 silver medals, and 41 bronze medals.</li>
 <li>The previous best performance for India was in the 2018 edition held in Jakarta, where they finished 9th with 72 medals.</li>
 <li>The 2023 Games saw a substantial increase in the number of participating athletes and sports disciplines compared to previous editions.</li>
 <li>Key sports where India excelled included shooting, archery, badminton, athletics, and swimming.</li>
 <li>The impressive performance in Hangzhou is a testament to the growing strength and development of para-sports in India.</li>
</ul>
<h4 style="color: rgb(255,255,255);">Background Information:</h4>
<ul style="color: rgb(255,255,255);">
 <li>The Asian Para Games are a multi-sport event for athletes with disabilities, organized by the Asian Paralympic Committee (APC).</li>
 <li>The 2023 Hangzhou Asian Para Games were the fourth edition of the event.</li>
 <li>The games typically take place shortly after the Asian Games conclude in the same host city.</li>
</ul>

<h3 style="color: rgb(255,255,255);">Indian Economic Planning: 1951-1990</h3>
<ul style="color: rgb(255,255,255);">
<li>The period from 1951 to 1990 in India witnessed the implementation of several Five-Year Plans, crucial for the nation's economic development and post-independence nation-building.</li>
<li>During this span, a total of seven Five-Year Plans were successfully launched and completed.</li>
</ul>
<h4 style="color: rgb(255,255,255);">Details of the Five-Year Plans (1951-1990):</h4>
<ol style="color: rgb(255,255,255);">
<li>First Five-Year Plan (1951-1956): Focused on agriculture, irrigation, and power projects.</li>
<li>Second Five-Year Plan (1956-1961): Emphasized rapid industrialization, particularly in heavy industries. This plan is often associated with the Mahalanobis model.</li>
<li>Third Five-Year Plan (1961-1966): Aimed at self-sufficiency in agriculture and increasing exports.</li>
<li>Annual Plans (1966-1969): Due to the Indo-Pakistani War and the subsequent economic crisis, the planned development process was paused, and three Annual Plans were implemented instead of a full Five-Year Plan.</li>
<li>Fourth Five-Year Plan (1969-1974): Focused on 'Growth with Stability' and increasing the pace of industrial development.</li>
<li>Fifth Five-Year Plan (1974-1979): Aimed at poverty alleviation and self-reliance. This plan was cut short by a year.</li>
<li>Sixth Five-Year Plan (1980-1985): Focused on economic liberalization, poverty reduction, and employment generation.</li>
<li>Seventh Five-Year Plan (1985-1990): Emphasized social justice, employment, and modernization.</li>
</ol>
<ul style="color: rgb(255,255,255);">
<li>The completion of the Seventh Five-Year Plan in 1990 marked the end of this initial phase of planned economic development, followed by the Eighth Five-Year Plan starting in 1992 after a brief hiatus.</li>
<li>The period saw significant shifts in economic policy and priorities, moving from a primary focus on basic industries and agriculture to a broader approach encompassing poverty reduction, employment, and modernization.</li>
</ul>

<h3 style="color: rgb(255,255,255);">PM Gati Shakti National Master Plan Launch Year</h3>
<ul style="color: rgb(255,255,255);">
<li>The PM Gati Shakti National Master Plan was launched in the year 2021.</li>
<li>This initiative is a revolutionary step towards holistic infrastructure development in India.</li>
<li>The primary objective of the plan is to foster integrated planning and execution of infrastructure projects.</li>
<li>It aims to achieve seamless multi-modal connectivity across the country, reducing logistics costs and improving overall efficiency.</li>
<li>Key infrastructure sectors covered include roads, railways, airports, ports, mass transport, and waterways.</li>
<li>The plan emphasizes the use of technology and data analytics for better project planning and monitoring.</li>
<li>It seeks to create a "whole of government" approach, breaking down silos between different ministries and departments.</li>
<li>This plan is considered a crucial part of India's long-term vision for economic growth and development, particularly relevant in the context of economic planning and policy for competitive exams.</li>
</ul>

<h3 style="color: rgb(255,255,255);">Union Budget 2023-24 Priorities</h3>
The Union Budget for the financial year 2023-24 outlined seven key priorities, often referred to as the 'Saptarishi', which guided the government's fiscal strategy.

<h4 style="color: rgb(255,255,255);">The Seven Priorities:</h4>
<ul style="color: rgb(255,255,255);">
 <li>Inclusive Development: Focusing on 'Sabka Saath, Sabka Vikas' (Development for all, Development with all), aiming to support farmers, women, youth, and other marginalized sections of society.</li>
 <li>Reaching the Last Mile: Ensuring that government schemes and benefits reach the intended beneficiaries, especially in remote and underserved areas. This includes initiatives for tribal and vulnerable communities.</li>
 <li>Infrastructure and Investment: Significant emphasis on capital expenditure to boost economic growth, create jobs, and improve connectivity across the country. The budget proposed a substantial increase in capital investment outlay.</li>
 <li>Unleashing the Potential: Measures to enhance productivity and efficiency in various sectors, promoting ease of doing business, and leveraging technology.</li>
 <li>Green Growth: Promoting environmentally sustainable practices and investments in renewable energy, energy transition, and climate action. This aligns with India's climate commitments.</li>
 <li>Youth Power: Focusing on skill development, education, and employment opportunities for the youth to harness their potential as a demographic dividend. Initiatives like the Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana (PMKVY) are central here.</li>
 <li>Financial Sector: Strengthening the financial sector to support economic growth, improve access to credit, and enhance financial inclusion.</li>
</ul>

<h4 style="color: rgb(255,255,255);">Context:</h4>
<ul style="color: rgb(255,255,255);">
 <li>The budget speech was delivered by the Finance Minister on February 1, 2023.</li>
 <li>This framework aimed to steer the economy towards a sustained high growth path, balancing developmental needs with fiscal prudence.</li>
</ul>

• "Open" and "Select" are unrelated, and "Hurt" is a different context entirely. Withholding is the direct opposite of offering.

• Meaning: Weak, slow, or lacking energy.

• Tip: The word comes from the Latin languidus. Note there is no 'e' before the 'd' and no double 'a'.

• Correct Spelling: Quarantine.
• It is often misspelled with an 'e', but the correct vowel after the 'r' is 'a'.

• Other words: Elicit (to draw out), Practice (noun/verb form), and Concentrate are all correct.

• Meaning: Someone who is your friend only when things are going well but leaves when you have trouble.

• Word: Abscond (To leave hurriedly and secretly, typically to avoid detection).

•  Endure (To remain in existence; to stay and face something).
• Flee, Hide, and Withdraw are synonyms or near-synonyms. "Endure" implies staying put and facing the situation, which is the opposite of running away.

• Correction: It should be "Rather than walking" or "Instead of walking."
• "Seldom" means rarely and doesn't fit the comparison structure "___ than ___." The sentence is trying to express a preference for the bus over walking.

• Word: Persiflage (Light, mocking, or frivolous talk/banter).



• Criticism and Argument are too negative, and Seriousness is the antonym. Persiflage is all about lighthearted teasing.

• step on anyone's toes.

• Meaning: To offend or insult someone, especially by getting involved in something that is their responsibility.

• Even though "United" starts with the vowel 'u', it has a consonant sound (pronounced like "Yoo-nited"). Therefore, we use "a" instead of "an."

• The sentence is in the Passive Voice.

• The road (object) isn't doing the repairing; it is being repaired.

• Structure: Subject + was/were + Past Participle (V3).

• Corrected: "The road was repaired by the workers."

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