Learn 75 questions from SSC GD 2025 Shift 2

SSC GD 2025 Shift 2 Questions

<h3 style="color: rgb(255,255,255);">Arya Samaj: A Reform Movement</h3><ul style="color: rgb(255,255,255);"><li>The Arya Samaj was a monotheistic social reform movement founded in 1875 in Mumbai by Swami Dayananda Saraswati.</li><li>Its core objective was to revive and reform Hinduism by advocating a return to the Vedas, which Swami Dayananda considered the infallible word of God.</li><li>The movement emphasized the concept of "Back to the Vedas!", rejecting later accretions, idolatry, and superstition in Hindu practices.</li><li>Swami Dayananda Saraswati's teachings, compiled in his book Satyarth Prakash, stressed monotheism, the equality of all humans, and the importance of education for both men and women.</li><li>Key principles of Arya Samaj included:<ul style="color: rgb(255,255,255);"><li>Belief in one God (Brahman).</li><li>Rejection of idol worship and elaborate rituals.</li><li>Acceptance of the Vedas as the ultimate authority.</li><li>Emphasis on the ten principles (Dasa Shilpa) which included striving for good, being truthful, and working for the welfare of all.</li><li>Promotion of education and social reform, including the upliftment of women and the abolition of the caste system.</li></ul></li><li>The Arya Samaj played a significant role in the Indian independence movement and the Hindu renaissance of the late 19th and early 20th centuries.</li><li>It established numerous schools and colleges across India, such as the Dayanand Anglo-Vedic (DAV) Schools and Colleges, which aimed to provide a blend of traditional Indian values and Western education.</li><li>The movement's emphasis on social justice and equality resonated with many, contributing to its widespread influence.</li></ul>

<h3 style="color: rgb(255,255,255);">Cheiraoba Festival</h3><ul style="color: rgb(255,255,255);"><li>Cheiraoba is a significant festival celebrated in Manipur.</li><li>It marks the New Year according to the Meitei lunar calendar.</li><li>The festival is observed on the second day of the month of Sajibu, which usually falls in March or April of the Gregorian calendar.</li><li>The core of Cheiraoba involves rituals and traditional practices aimed at seeking blessings for prosperity and well-being in the coming year.</li><li>Families gather to prepare traditional Manipuri dishes, signifying unity and celebration.</li><li>A key ritual is the climbing of a nearby hill or a raised platform by each family member. This act symbolizes the aspiration to rise higher in life in the New Year.</li><li>The Meitei people are the dominant ethnic group of Manipur and their culture heavily influences the state's traditions.</li><li>Manipur, known as the 'Jewel of India', is located in the northeastern part of the country and is rich in indigenous culture and traditions.</li></ul>

<h3 style="color: rgb(255,255,255);">Composition of Tooth Enamel</h3>
<ul style="color: rgb(255,255,255);">
<li>The primary chemical compound that constitutes tooth enamel is Calcium hydroxyapatite.</li>
<li>Its chemical formula is denoted as Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2.</li>
<li>This mineral form of apatite is highly crystalline and extremely hard, making it the hardest substance in the human body.</li>
</ul>
<h4 style="color: rgb(255,255,255);">Mineralogical Details</h4>
<ul style="color: rgb(255,255,255);">
<li>Calcium hydroxyapatite is a form of apatite, a phosphate mineral.</li>
<li>It is primarily composed of calcium (Ca2+), phosphate (PO43-), and hydroxide (OH-) ions.</li>
<li>The high concentration of calcium and phosphate ions contributes to the strength and rigidity of the enamel.</li>
</ul>
<h4 style="color: rgb(255,255,255);">Significance in Dentistry</h4>
<ul style="color: rgb(255,255,255);">
<li>The structure of enamel, based on hydroxyapatite crystals, is crucial for its function in protecting the underlying dentin and pulp.</li>
<li>Factors like diet (acidic foods and drinks) and oral hygiene can affect the integrity of hydroxyapatite, leading to demineralization and dental caries.</li>
<li>Fluoride ions can integrate into the enamel structure, forming fluorapatite, which is even more resistant to acid attacks than hydroxyapatite. This is a key principle in dental caries prevention.</li>
</ul>

<h3 style="color: rgb(255,255,255);">AAI 50th All India Inter-Institutional Table Tennis Championships 2023</h3><ul style="color: rgb(255,255,255);"><li>The AAI 50th All India Inter-Institutional Table Tennis Championships 2023 was organized by the Andhra Pradesh State Table Tennis Association (APSTTA).</li><li>This event marked the 50th edition of the championship, highlighting its long-standing tradition in Indian sports.</li><li>The championships are a significant fixture in the Indian table tennis calendar, bringing together top players from various institutions across the country.</li><li>Such inter-institutional events play a crucial role in promoting sports at a grassroots level and identifying emerging talent within educational and professional organizations.</li><li>The Andhra Pradesh State Table Tennis Association, as the host, was responsible for the logistics, venue management, and overall successful conduct of the tournament.</li><li>These championships typically feature competitions in both men's and women's categories, including singles, doubles, and team events.</li><li>Winning these championships often serves as a stepping stone for players aiming for national and international representation.</li></ul>

Andhra Pradesh state table tennis association

Madhya Pradesh state table tennis association

* Initial height (h) = 20 m
	* Initial velocity (u) = 0 m/s (dropped with zero initial momentum)
	* Final momentum (p) = 40 kg·m/s
	* Acceleration due to gravity (g) = 10 m/s²
	* Mass (m) = ?

Step 1: Find the final velocity when the body hits the ground

Using the equation of motion: v² = u² + 2gh

Where:

	* v = final velocity
	* u = initial velocity = 0 m/s
	* g = 10 m/s²
	* h = 20 m

v² = 0² + 2 × 10 × 20
v² = 400
v = 20 m/s

Step 2: Calculate the mass using momentum

We know that momentum (p) = mass (m) × velocity (v)

Given: p = 40 kg·m/s and v = 20 m/s

Therefore:
40 = m × 20
m = 40/20
m = 2 kg

Answer: The mass of the body is 2 kg (Option A)

<h3 style="color: rgb(255,255,255);">Shramshakti Report</h3><ul style="color: rgb(255,255,255);"><li>The Shramshakti report was a landmark document submitted during India's Seventh Five-Year Plan (1985-1990).</li><li>It was the comprehensive report of the National Commission on Self-Employed Women and Women in the Informal Sector.</li><li>The commission was established to study the conditions and challenges faced by women in various forms of self-employment and the unorganized sectors of the economy.</li><li>Key areas addressed in the report included:<ul style="color: rgb(255,255,255);"><li>Working Conditions: Highlighting poor working conditions, long hours, and lack of safety measures.</li><li>Low Wages: Documenting the issue of meager earnings and wage disparities.</li><li>Lack of Social Security: Pointing out the absence of benefits like health insurance, pension, and maternity leave.</li><li>Access to Credit and Resources: Identifying barriers to financial inclusion and access to productive assets.</li><li>Skill Development: Recommending initiatives for enhancing skills and employability.</li></ul></li><li>The report made significant recommendations to improve the socio-economic status and empowerment of women in the informal sector.</li><li>These recommendations aimed at policy changes, legislative interventions, and program implementation to address the specific vulnerabilities and needs of this demographic.</li><li>The submission of the Shramshakti report was a crucial step in recognizing the contribution of women in the informal economy and advocating for their rights and welfare within the framework of national development plans.</li><li>The Seventh Five-Year Plan itself focused on growth, modernization, and self-reliance, with an emphasis on employment generation, poverty alleviation, and social justice, making the Shramshakti report a relevant and timely contribution.</li></ul>

• Meaning of "Rapidly": The adverb rapidly refers to the speed at which a process happens or something moves (e.g., "The population is growing rapidly" or "He ran rapidly").

Inappropriate Context: While "played" is an action, it doesn't usually happen "rapidly" in a general sense. When children play in a park, they might play energetically, happily, noisily, or quietly.

Semantic Mismatch: "Rapidly" describes a rate of change or velocity. Using it to describe the act of "playing" (which is a state of activity rather than a singular directional movement or a process of growth) is semantically awkward in English.

Natural Alternatives:

Michael and Robert played happily in the park.

Michael and Robert played energetically in the park.

• Defining "Approbate": To approbate means to approve formally, to sanction, or to authorize. It is a formal word often used in legal contexts (such as "approbate and reprobate").

Identifying the Antonym: Since the word means to accept or approve something officially, the opposite (antonym) is to refuse, turn down, or reject it.

The Legal Context: In law, the doctrine of "Approbate and Reprobate" refers to the rule that a person cannot accept one part of a document (approbate) while rejecting another part of the same document (reprobate).

• Defining "Truce": A truce is an agreement between enemies or opponents to stop fighting or arguing for a certain period of time. It is, by definition, a temporary agreement or a pause.

Contextual Fit: The sentence mentions a meeting in a conference hall ending in an agreement. If that agreement is not permanent but intended to stop immediate conflict or disagreement, "truce" is the most professional and semantically accurate word.

Logical Substitution: Substituting "temporary agreement" with "truce" makes the sentence more concise while retaining the exact same meaning.

• Meaning of the Idiom: To bite the bullet means to accept something difficult or unpleasant, or to face a difficult situation with courage and stoicism.

Origin: Historically, before anesthesia was available, soldiers would be given a lead bullet to bite on to endure the pain during surgery. Today, it is used to describe showing bravery in any stressful situation.

Contextual Fit: The sentence describes someone who is "nervous" but chooses to "face the situation with courage." This is the exact definition of "biting the bullet."

• Defining "Precarious": Something is precarious if it is not securely held or in position, and is likely to fall or collapse. It also describes a situation that is uncertain and dependent on chance or unknown circumstances.

Matching the Context: The sentence describes a "lack of security and stability" as well as a "hazardous and perilous situation." These phrases are perfect descriptors for a precarious state.

Specific Usage: It is frequently used to describe financial states (e.g., "a precarious bank balance") or physical positions (e.g., "a precarious ladder").

• Geographical Context: The Baltic refers to the Baltic Sea. In English, when we describe something being located within a body of water (like a sea, ocean, or lake), we use the preposition "in".

Location vs. Surface: While a ship sails on the water, the event (the sinking or the presence of the ship) is happening within the geographical boundaries of that specific sea.

Example: "The Titanic sank in the Atlantic."

The "Baltic" as a Region: Even if viewed as a general region, we say "in the Baltic region" or "in the Baltic."

• Expressing Expectation: The author is arguing that because the ship was well-designed, well-maintained, and properly inspected, there was no logical reason for it to sink.

The "Should have" Construction: In English, "should never have happened" is a standard phrase used to express that an event was unexpected or shouldn't have occurred given the high standards or precautions taken.

Contextual Logic: The passage lists all the reasons why the ship was safe (proper lifeboats, thorough inspection). The word "should" emphasizes that, logically, the disaster was preventable or mathematically unlikely.

• Parallel Structure: The sentence uses the conjunction "and" to join two descriptors: "well designed" and "(3) ______ maintained." In English, when you link two ideas with "and," they should generally have the same positive or negative tone. Since "well designed" is positive, the second part must also be positive.

Supporting Evidence: The author is building an argument that the ship was in excellent condition. The next few sentences mention it had the "proper number of lifeboats" and was "thoroughly inspected." These facts support the idea that the ship was carefully maintained.

Logical Fit: To maintain a ship "carefully" means to keep it in good condition through regular and thorough attention. This fits the author's point that the sinking was a shocking mystery.

• Subject-Verb Agreement: The subject is "It" (referring to the ship, the Estonia), which is singular. Therefore, the singular auxiliary "was" is required.

Simple Past Passive: The entire passage describes a specific historical event that happened in the past (the sinking of the Estonia). To show that an action was performed on the ship by inspectors, we use the formula:

Subject + was/were + Past Participle (V3)

Example: It was thoroughly inspected.

Consistency: The preceding sentence uses the simple past ("It was well designed..."). To maintain the flow and timeline of the narrative, "was" is the only logical choice.

• Narrative Logic: The passage begins by discussing the "sinking" of the ferry Estonia. The final sentence describes the actual sequence of the disaster: first, the ship "rolled over," and logically, the next step for a capsized ship in a storm is that it sank (the past tense of sink).

Contextual Clues: The mention of a "cold and stormy night" and the earlier statement that "naval architects never claim that a ship is unsinkable" sets a tragic tone. "Sank" is the only word that completes the description of a maritime disaster.

Tense Consistency: The passage uses simple past tense verbs to describe the sequence of events ("rolled over," "carried"). Sank is the simple past form of sink, maintainining perfect grammatical harmony.

• Excruciating means intensely painful or distressing. 
• While we often use it for physical pain, in this context, it refers to a high level of mental discomfort.
• "Painful" is the only word that captures that intense level of distress.

• Stingy means unwilling to give or spend; ungenerous.

• Generous is the direct opposite, meaning someone who gives freely of their time, money, or praise.

• Remember the "ate" suffix for the verb appropriate before adding the "ly" to make it an adverb.

• This sentence uses the Future Perfect Continuous tense ($subject + will + have + been + verb-ing$). The passive form "been studied" would mean someone is studying you, which doesn't make sense here.

• While "issues" is okay, in a classroom setting, a teacher's primary interaction involves answering student questions or doubts.

• Queries is a more specific and professional term for the questions or problems students bring to a teacher.

• This is a common English idiom used to describe a task that is very simple to accomplish.

• "An easy task" is the literal meaning.

• This tests three common traps:

Excited: Not "exicited."

Receive: Remember the rule: "I before E, except after C."

Surprise: It is spelled with two 's' sounds but written with an 's' and a 'p'.

She was excited to receive a surprise gift from her friend on her birthday.

She was excited to recieve a surprize gift from her friend on her birthday.

She was exicited to recieve a surprize gift from her freind on her birthday.

She was exicited to recieve a surprise gift from her friend on her birthday.

• A compliant person is someone who obeys rules or agrees with others easily.

Yielding means giving way under pressure or influence, which perfectly matches a compliant personality.

• A collocation is a pair of words that naturally "fit" together in English.
• We use far-reaching to describe effects or consequences that have a wide influence and will last a long time. You wouldn't say a "gorgeous effect" or a "grand effect" in this professional context.

• Trenchant means vigorous, incisive, or sharp in expression or style (e.g., a "trenchant critique").
• Since the word implies sharpness and clarity, Dull is the perfect antonym.

• Public debt refers to the total financial obligations incurred by a government. This encompasses money borrowed by the government from various sources to finance its expenditures.

The total amount of money owed by the citizens of a country

The total investments made by the government

The total revenue generated by the government

The total amount of  money owed by the government to its creditors

• Article 164 of the Constitution states that the Chief Minister shall be appointed by the Governor.

• The Council of Ministers, headed by the Chief Minister, is collectively responsible to the State Legislative Assembly (Vidhan Sabha).

• Bhangra is a traditional folk dance that originated in the Punjab region of the Indian subcontinent.

• It is primarily performed during the harvest festival of Vaisakhi, which marks the beginning of the spring season and the harvesting of crops.

• Historically, Bhangra was a male dance performed to celebrate the harvest and express joy and vigor.

• The Directive Principles of State Policy are enshrined in Part IV of the Constitution of India.

• These principles are detailed in Articles 36 to 51.

• The Sangeet Natak Akademi, recognized as the apex national academy for performing arts in India, was established in 1953.

• Its primary mandate is the preservation and promotion of the diverse traditions of Indian music, dance, and drama.

Targeted Growth Rate: The primary economic goal was to achieve a national income growth rate of 25% over the plan period, which translates to an average annual growth rate of approximately 4.5%.

• Kumar Sanu, a renowned Indian playback singer, holds a remarkable entry in the Guinness Book of World Records.

• In 1993, he achieved the record for recording the maximum number of songs in a single day.

• He recorded an astounding 28 songs in a span of just 24 hours.

• The National MPI report, released by NITI Aayog, provides insights into poverty reduction across states and union territories.

• According to the 2023 report, Puducherry recorded the lowest percentage of its population classified as multidimensionally poor among all Union Territories.

Party Formation and Leadership: Bharat Rashtra Samithi (BRS) was formerly known as the Telangana Rashtra Samithi (TRS). It was founded by K. Chandrashekar Rao (KCR) on April 27, 2001, with the primary objective of achieving statehood for Telangana. KCR continues to be the president of the party.

• Mohammed Shami of India emerged as the highest wicket-taker in the ICC Men's Cricket World Cup 2023.

• He achieved this feat by taking a remarkable 24 wickets in just 7 matches.

• Shami's exceptional bowling average was 10.71, and his economy rate was 5.30.

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